Non-Fiction and Biography

ALMOST ASTRONAUTS: 13 WOMEN WHO DARED TO DREAM


1.    BIBLIOGRAPHY
Stone, Tanya Lee.  2009.  ALMOST ASTRONAUTS: 13 WOMEN WHO DARED TO DREAM.  Somerville, MA. Candlewick Press.  ISBN: 978-0763636111

2.    PLOT SUMMARY
Tanya Lee Stone’s inspiring nonfiction book, ALMOST ASTRONAUTS: 13 WOMEN WHO DARED TO DREAM, describes the lives of 13 highly qualified women who aspired to be part of NASA’s astronaut team.  Part of the “Mercury 13”, Jerrie Cobb and twelve for women undergo procedures and tests needed to qualify as astronauts.  These obstacles will later proof to assist in paving the way for other females in the field. 

3.    CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Stone narrates in chronological order the tale of thirteen women who with courage, struggled and were determined to participate in the astronaut program just like men did.  Readers are given the facts efficiently, that it makes this non-fiction book feel more like fiction.  The information provided is captivating, allowing the reader to want to know more about the topic.  The author provides explanations of the processes the women had to go through to qualify into the program.  One example is, Stone’s detailed explanation of the test “The Tank”.  “You are surrounded by complete and utter darkness, pitch black.  All you can hear is your heart beating, your breath as you inhale, exhale, inhale, exhale.   You are floating in a tank of water the exact same temperature as your body.  Where does your body end and the water begin?”, this chilling description of the test can make any reader feel the anguish Jerrie Cobb had to endure. 

Stone provides black and white and some color photographs of astronauts, the “Mercury 13” women, politicians, and political documents, along with a caption for each photo to enable comprehension and knowledge of the individuals or artifacts.  The book contains twelve chapters which makes it easy for readers to locate a particular subject or topic throughout the book.  It details the struggles women had to sustain before, during, and after being able enter the male-dominant world of NASA.  Stone exhibits how Lyndon B. Johnson, was opposed to having women enter the space program, from an interview she had with Cobb.  Jerry Cobb told Stone L.B. Johnson had once told her, “Jerrie, if we let you or other women into the space program, we’d have to let black in.  We’d have to let Mexican American in, and Chinese Americans.  We’d have to let every minority in, and we just can’t do it.”

Stone provides an Author’s Note, which provides a detail explanation of how she decided to write this book, as well as suggestions for further reading, like the poems she wrote about the women in “Mercury 13”.  The book includes an Appendix, Further Reading, Webliography, Sources & Notes, Photography Credits, an Index, and Acknowledgements at the end of the book which assist the readers to easily and quickly find information within and about the book.  ALMOST ASTRONAUTS: 13 WOMEN WHO DARED TO DREAM, induces critical thinking and encourages older elementary or middle school age children to learn more about women’s rights, particularly women in space.   

4.    REVIEW EXCERPTS
Robert F. Silbert Informational Book Medal 2010
Jane Adams Honor 2010
NCTE Orbis Pictus Honor 2010
KIRKUS REVIEWS: “Fascinating, dramatic story…The author offers great insight into how deeply ingrained sexism was in America society and its institutions.  Handsomely illustrated with photographs, this empowering, impassioned story will leave readers inspired.”
SCHOOL LIBRARY JOURNAL: “The passionately written account of a classic but little-known challenge to established gender prejudices also introduces readers to a select group of courageous, independent women.”
PUBLISHER’S WEEKLY: “Readers with an interest in history and in women’s struggle for equality will undoubtedly be moved.”

5.    CONNECTIONS
*Discuss with students, other professions where women have had to struggle for equality.
*Stone, Tanya Lee.  AMELIA EARHART. ISBN 978-0756625528
*Ride, Sally and Okie, Susie.  TO SPACE AND BACK.  ISBN 978-0663592883
*Visit www.nasa.gov for more information and facts about astronauts and space.



NEVER SMILE AT A MONKEY: AND 17 OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS TO REMEMBER


1.    BIBLIOGRAPHY
Jenkins, Steve.  2009.   NEVER SMILE AT A MONKEY: AND 17 OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS TO REMEMBERBoston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Books for Children.  ISBN: 9780618966202

2.    PLOT SUMMARY
NEVER SMILE AT A MONKEY, provides vital facts about animals that many might not contemplate to be dangerous.  With his characteristic cut and torn paper collage, Jenkins illustrates this Non-Fiction book.  In brief paragraphs, the book reveals 18 animals and their defensive mechanisms.  Correspondingly, it gives suggestions as to what to avoid if encountered with one.  A detailed description of each animal is provided at the end of the book.  

3.    CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Steve Jenkins presents this extraordinary factual book written in a manner that leaves the reader asking for more.  It is written with informational text that captivates the reader’s attention.  Who doesn’t want to know what animals could possibly kill you?  Jenkins did an amazing job implanting the curiosity bug in all of us.  The word “Never” is ingeniously printed in large letters before each warning against the wild animals.   

The book can be read from beginning to end, or can be skipped around.  Each animal stands alone, and it does not matter the order in which it is read.  The use of alliteration like, “Swim with a Squid”, “Cuddle a Cub”, “Harass a Hippopotamus”, and “Pet a Platypus”, among many more, make this book fun to read.  Vocabulary played a key factor in the storyline of this book.  Children are exposed to amazing verbs.  What a great teachable moment, to have the opportunity to incorporate grammar, and discuss words such as, “jostle”, “clutch”, “poach”, and “antagonize”. 

Illustrations from this book are in typical Jenkin’s style, and are attractively arranged in each page.  Some animals are placed in a single page, and others are more impressive in a double spread.  The vibrant colors of the animals against the white background of the pages, make the artwork pop out, as if they are three dimensional.  By far, my favorite illustration is the monkey, and not just because it is in the cover.  The monkey’s glaring eyes and sulked face, changes my perspective of thinking this animal as charming and cute.  Nonetheless, Jenkins made sure every animal in this book projected a sense of realism and familiarity, while representing as threat at the same time. 

At the end of the book, Steve Jenkins offers supplementary facts of each animal, as well as a list of other books children could read if they want to further their knowledge of animals.  Children of all ages will enjoy reading and learning from this book.  With animals introduced with a warning catch phrase, there is no doubt this book will get everyone’s attention, especially inquisitive adults like me.  I will definitely be looking at these animals in a different way.  I cannot wait to read this book to my children, and see their expressions and listen to their thoughts.  I know I might have a few terrified and others in shock, but I know it will be a great tool to teach kids not to judge a book by its cover.  If you don’t have this book as part of your classroom library, go to your favorite bookstore and get yourself a copy.  Steve Jenkins has done it again.  Simply amazing!       

4.    REVIEW EXCERPTS
Society of Illustrators Original Art Show
Junior Library Guild Fall 2009 Selection
SCHOOL LIBRARY JOURNAL: “ Steve Jenkins taps into the faux pas of the natural world giving us his standard cut paper lusciousness alongside a text that is funny, furious, and furry all at once.  As good advice goes, Never Smile at a Monkey turns out to be just the tip of the iceberg.”

BOOKLIST: “With his trademark cut-paper technique, Jenkins proves there may not be a texture that he can’t mimic on the page.  The high-interest marriage of animals and danger, along with large vibrant visuals, makes this a prime candidate for group sharing, and additional details and artwork at the end will flesh out some of the finer points for older children.”

KIRKUS REVIEW: “Another stunning environmental lesson from an aficionado of animal behavior.”

5.    CONNECTIONS
*Other books by Steve Jenkins:
Jenkins, Steve.  ACTUAL SIZE. ISBN 9780547512914
Jenkins, Steve.  CREATURE FEATURES.  ISBN 978-0544233515
Jenkins, Steve.  BIGGEST, STRONGEST, FASTEST.  ISBN 978035861363
*Additional books on Animals and Survival:
Davies, Nicola.  DEADLY!  THE TRUTH ABOUT THE MOST DANGEROUS CREATURES ON EARTH (ANIMAL SCIENCE).  ISBN  978-0763679712
Arnosky, Jim. CREEP AND FLUTTER: THE SECRET WORLD OF INSECTS AND SPIDERS.  ISBN 978-1454919100
*Have students make an animal collage using magazines and newspapers.
*Group students and have them discuss an animal of their choice and brainstorm the animal’s defensive mechanism. 



BECOMING BEN FRANKLIN: HOW A CANDLE-MAKER’S SON HELPED LIGHT THE FLAME OF LIBERTY


1.    BIBLIOGRAPHY
Freedman, Russell.  2013.   BECOMING BEN FRANKLIN: HOW A CANDLE-AKER’S SON HELPED LIGHT THE FLAME OF LIBERTY.  New York, NY. Holiday House.  ISBN: 978-083423743

2.    PLOT SUMMARY
Russell Freedman tells the life of Benjamin Franklin in chronological order, from his young years in Boston where he grew up to the many events that led him to become a printer, editor, publisher, statesman, inventor and even one of the four Founding Fathers.  His contributions to society and the community are highlighted in this biography. 

3.    CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Freedman’s interest and expertise in United States history is clearly demonstrated in this engaging biography of Benjamin Franklin.  With many awards under his belt, Freedman writes about Franklin’s life and accomplishments in an inviting and readable format adequate for upper grade elementary readers.  The biography is written in chronological order and organized into nine chapters.  Freedman includes a practical Timeline, Source Notes, Picture Credits, Selected Bibliography, and a detailed Index at the end of the book. 

The amount of facts and details embedded, and the use of illustrations complementing the text, make this biography appealing and not dreary.  I really appreciate how Freedman cited the illustrations and original documents throughout the book.  The graphics are both showcased in black and white and in color.  For instance, one illustration portrays Franklin in a reception at French court, appearing with his plain attire, compared to the other people in the reception. This image helps readers distinguish Franklin as a person that was his own self and most importantly, modest. 

The author’s use of Franklin’s own text from his autobiography, communicates the authenticity of the writing and exhibits Franklin’s character.  Ben Franklin said, “As we enjoy great advantages from the inventions of others…we should be glad of an opportunity to serve others by any invention of ours, and this we should do freely and generously.”   What a remarkable man Benjamin Franklin was, and what an amazing job
Russell Freedman did with this clear and fascinating biography.

4.    REVIEW EXCERPTS
Booklist 2013 Lasting Connections, Social Studies
Kirkus Reviews Best Children’s’ Books of 2013
School Library Journal’s Best Books of 2013
ALA 2014 Notable Children’s Books
NCTE Orbis Pictus Award Recommended Book 2014
Starred Review in BOOKLIST: “The well-chosen color illustrations include period paintings, prints, and documents.  Handsomely designed, solidly researched, and beautifully written, this is the go-to biography of Franklin for young people.”
Starred Review in SCHOOL LIBRARY JOURNAL: “Biographers make decisions about what to leave out as much as what to put in, but Freedman is consistent in connecting his discussion to primary sources.  The result is an account that examines the whole of Franklin’s remarkable life but does not overwhelm readers.”

5.    CONNECTIONS
*Social Studies lesson on American Inventors.
*Social Studies lesson comparing biographies using a Venn Diagram.
*Zuckerman, Elizabeth.  ALL ABOUT BENJAMIN FRANKLIN. ISBN 978-1681570921

*Barretta, Gene.  NOW AND BEN: THE MODERN INVENTIONS OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN.  ISBN 978-0312535698


THE HOUSE BABA BUILT: AN ARTIST’S CHILDHOOD IN CHINA


1.    BIBLIOGRAPHY
Young, Ed.  2011.  THE HOUSE BABA BUILT: AN ARTIST’S CHILDHOOD IN CHINA.  New York, NY. Little, Brown and Company.  ISBN: 978-0316076289

2.    PLOT SUMMARY
3.    Ed Young’s picture book autobiography, THE HOUSE BABA BUILT, pays homage to his father and the beautiful designed house built for his family to be safe during World War II in Shanghai, China.  Baba makes a deal with a landowner that will allow Baba and his family to build the safest house in his land and allow them to live in it for 20 years, and after the war is over the landowner will keep the house.  The author recollects his childhood memories and nostalgic anecdotes in the house that Baba built. 

4.    CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Caldecott Medalist, Ed Young, reminisces his early years in Shanghai, China, in this exceptionally written and illustrated book.  The organization of the book is clear, beginning when World War II began, followed by a recollection of events during the war, and ending when the war was over and Baba had to keep his promise and leave the house.  Young beautifully tells the story making the reader feel as if they as well lived and underwent the experience of residing in the house.  

The illustrations were done using a multimedia combination of real photographs, collages, sketches, and double spread page images and alternating single and fold out pages.  This use of unique illustrations hi corresponding text, allow the readers to actively participate in the story line.  His images and photographs showcasing the friends and family members, each have their names next to them, facilitating the reader to connect with his relatives.  

Every time Young mentioned the house, he referred to it as, “The house Baba built”, which displayed the respect he had towards his father and how appreciate he was of the house.  The author visibly demonstrates his love for his family with this scrapbook style autobiography.  For instance, when the author states, “That’s just what we did.  Of all the picnics we ever had, that was my favorite: the whole family, including our dog, Jolly, by the pool behind the house Baba built.”, it expresses that no matter how bad the situation may be, as long as they were all together, everything would be just fine.  The book includes a Timeline for easy recall of important event of the family and an Author’s Note providing a glimpse of the author’s life after leaving Shanghai, and his process of writing the autobiography.  This memoir is inviting and simple to read.

5.    REVIEW EXCERPTS
2011 PUBLISHER’S WEEKLY Best Illustrated Books
2012 ALA Notable Children’s Book
BOOKLIST top 10 Art Books for Youth
KIRKUS REVIEWS: “Flashes of multi-media brilliance illuminate this darkly colored, leisurely paced memoir...Those waning historical or cultural background will need supplements.  Sophisticated, inventive art invites close viewings for patient readers in this unusual family story.”
NEW YORK TIMES: “THE HOUSE BABA BUILT is as intricately constructed as his father’s house, with pages that extend and open to reveal additional detail and memories.”

6.    CONNECTIONS
*Other books by Ed Young:
Young, Ed.  LON PO PO.  ISBN 978-0399216190
Young, Ed.  SEVEN BLIND MICE.  ISBN  978-0399222610
*THE HOUSE BUBA BUILT’s website: http://www.thehousebababuilt.com/, which offers and Educator’s Guide and extra resources.
*Say, Allen.  DRAWING FROM MEMORY.  ISBN 978-0545176866